Linux (IPA pronunciation: /ˈlɪnʊks/) is a Unix-like computer operating system. Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free software and open source development; its underlying source code can be freely modified, used, and redistributed by anyone. The free software philosophy is centered on the idea that, in the words of the GNU Project, free software "is a matter of liberty, not price." Open source, on the other hand, is primarily centered around the development model.
A Linux distribution, often simply distribution or distro, is a member of the Linux family of Unix-likeoperating systems comprising the Linux kernel, the non-kernel parts of the GNU operating system, and assorted other software. Because most (if not all) of the kernel and software packages are free and open source, Linux distributions have taken a wide variety of forms —from fully-featured desktop and server operating systems to minimal environments (typically for use in embedded systems, or for booting from a floppy). Linux distribution is kernel together with useful software, an installer, and management utilities.The next logical question is, which distribution -- or distro -- should you use? It really all depends on your personal preferences, and what you want to get done.
Not all software that runs on Linux is free in either sense of the word. Lots of companies make proprietary software for Linux, and charge a pretty penny for it, too. For example, Oracle's products run on Linux. In fact, a few companies actually sell Linux and support it, and do pretty well at that. Red Hat's distribution, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, is comprised of free and open source software (FOSS) and they've been turning a profit for some time doing so. Instead of making its money on the sale of licenses, Red Hat makes its revenue on selling support for the distribution because lots of companies are willing to pay to have someone to turn to if and when they have problems or need new features.Oracle Database 11g Release 1 (11.1.0.6.0)
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Some distros, like Red Hat Enterprise Linux and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server are designed primarily for companies that use Linux on servers. Some distros, like Fedora Core, Ubuntu, and openSUSE have different profiles that are suitable for use on the desktop or on the server.
openSUSE 10.3 Final
The openSUSE project is a worldwide community program sponsored by Novell that promotes the use of Linux everywhere. After acquiring SUSE Linux in January 2004, Novell decided to release the SUSE Professional product as a 100% open source project, involving the community in the development process. The program provides free and easy access to openSUSE. openSUSE also provides the base for Novell's award-winning SUSE Linux Enterprise products.
Beyond the distribution, openSUSE provides a web portal for community involvement. The community assists in developing openSUSE collaboratively with representatives from Novell by contributing code through the open Build Service, writing documentation, designing artwork, fostering discussion on open mailing lists and in Internet Relay Chat channels, and improving the openSUSE site through its wiki interface. Novell markets openSUSE as the best, easiest distribution for all users.
Like most distributions it includes both a default graphical user interface (GUI) and a command line interface option; it allows the user (during installation) to select which GUI they are comfortable with (either KDE or GNOME), and supports thousands of software packages across the full range of open source development.
The goals of the openSUSE project are:
- Make openSUSE the easiest Linux distribution for anyone to obtain and the most widely used open source platform.
- Provide an environment for open source collaboration that makes openSUSE the world's best Linux distribution for new and experienced Linux users.
- Dramatically simplify and open the development and packaging processes to make openSUSE the platform of choice for Linux hackers and application developers.
With the launch of the openSUSE project, openSUSE is now developed in an open model - public development builds, releases, and sources will be posted frequently here and you will have access to our Bugzilla database for defect reporting. You can also sign up on special interest mailing lists to make sure that you are always getting the most recent news on the openSUSE project and the openSUSE distribution.
openSUSE shares many features with SUSE Linux Enterprise offerings, for example:
- AppArmor: gives certain applications rights based on how they run and interact with the environment.
- YaST: a system management application which openSuSE uses as a Control Center.
- Xen: virtualization software
- The KDE (extended with such tools as Kickoff and KNetworkManager) and GNOME desktop environments
- Compiz: a 3D desktop that runs on XGL.
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Running Windows apps under Linux
Wine is an open source implementation of the Windows API for Linux and Unix operating systems. It's a compatibility layer for Windows apps, so that they can run unmodified on top of Linux. Another option is CodeWeavers CrossOver, which is based on Wine, but not entirely open source. CodeWeavers includes features not in Wine to make it easier to set up and run Windows programs under Linux.
Virtualization is another option for running your Windows applications under Linux. Virtualization software like VMware Server and VMware Workstation, Parallels, and Qemu will allow you to run a full instance of Windows under Linux -- so you can run almost any Windows program unmodified on top of Linux, within the Windows environment. (Some applications that require 3D support may not run under virtualization because virtual machines typically do not provide 3D graphics.)
In the long run, however, you might prefer to find a native Linux program as a substitute for your Windows applications.
Linux tutorials
Linux download resource(Bittorent)How? See Here
eBook- Red Hat Linux Networking and System Administration
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Boot and run Linux from a USB flash memory stick
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McGraw.Hill.Red.Hat.The.Complete.Reference.Enterprise.Linux.and.Fedora
RedHat_The_Complete_Reference_Enterprise_Linux_Fedora_Edition_mcgraw-hill
Linux.Administration.Made.Easy.pdf
Hungry Minds Red Hat Linux_Security_and_Optimization.pdf
OReilly_Linux_Network_Administrator_Guide_Second_Edition.pdf
Linux_studyguide.pdf
Hungry Minds Red Hat Linux Networking and System Admin.pdf
Sybex.Linux.Network.Servers.eBook-EEn.pdf
DOS-Win-to-Linux-HOWTO.pdf
red_hat_linux_getting_started_guide.pdf
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